There are several threats to the biota of the Pantanal. Uncontrolled recreational fishing is a big problem in some areas. Fishermen from all over South America come to the Pantanal due to the diversity and size of the fish species here. Enforcement of management plans need to occur in order to help sustain the numerous fish species found in this region's waters.

Hunting and smuggling of endangered species has also diminished populations of these critical species. Caiman (crocodiles), panthers, jaguars, and parrots are often the biggest targets of illegal wildlife trade. In some instances just one of these incredible animals can fetch large amounts of cash on the black market.

Deforestation has also claimed large tracts of land in the Pantanal. The harvesting of timber and the growing of non-native crops has altered the character of many areas. Often times the fires used to clear land for planting get out of control killing animals and reducing large tracts of land to smoldering ash. The seasonal flooding of these agricultural areas can also carry pesticides into the rivers and lakes of the Pantanal killing animals, especially fish, a primary food source in the food web. Strip mining, water diversion projects like dikes and dams and increased human activity in the highlands causing increased sedimentation flow are also big threats to the survival of the Pantanal.

Learn why we should save the Pantanal .

	"Hidrovia – the canal that could forever alter the Pantanal"
	The Paraguay-Parana Hidrovia: Large-scale Channelization or a "Tyranny of Small Decision"
	Excellent National Wildlife Federation article on the threat that Hidrovia poses to the Pantanal
	WWF - Threats to the Pantanal
	Strange Story About Pantanal